Importance of Guru in the Indian system of education

In our scriptures it has been said that a teacher removes darkness and take his students towards the light therefore according to ancient system a teacher is considered as somebody who removes darkness and spreads light because the great scholar Krishna Dwaipayana Vedvyas who is also famous as Vedvyas was born on Ashwin Shukla Purnima therefore his birthday is marked as Guru Purnima on which occasion students pay respect to their gurus and on this occasion all spiritual and academic teacher are paid respect and they are especially remembered by all the students. Because these people have dedicated themselves for promotion of wisdom and mental development of people therefore in the countries like India Nepal, Bhutan and many other countries where the number of people following Buddhism Jainism and Hinduism this festival is celebrated in a very sacred manner. 

Actually Guru Dronacharya is considered to be the first paid teacher but celebration of teacher's day began in India since 1962 because  Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan who joined Madras Presidency College at the age of 21 in 1909 as a junior lecturer and he had been teaching philosophy and remained in the field of education in 1962 when he became the President of India before that he was the chancellor of Delhi University. When he became the President of India people tried to celebrate his birthday anniversary which was 5th of September on which he suggested that it is better to to mark this occasion to pay respect to all the teachers of the country on September 5 every year and since then September 5 is celebrated as the Teachers Day across the country. After this on the initiative of the Government of India in 1966 UNESCO and International Labour Organisation organised a meeting where rights of teachers and their responsibilities and their services related guidelines were discussed and it was also decided that from 1994 Teachers Day will be celebrated across the world on October 5 for which support of 100 member countries came and this way teachers day started to be organised globally from October 5 1994. 

This way to pay respect to teachers and recognise their II services across the world most of the countries observe Teachers Day on October 5 every year but in other countries like Oman, Syria, Egypt, Libya, Qatar, Bahrain, United Arab Emirates, Yemen, Tanisha, Jordan ,Saudi Arabia, Algeria , Morocco and other Islamic countries teachers day is celebrated on February 28 , on the other hand in the countries like Argentina, Albania, Australia, Brazil , Chile,  China, Czech Republic, Al Salvador, Hongkong, Singapore , South Korea , Hungary, Taiwan, Indonesia, Iran, Malaysia , Mexico , Mangolia, Pakistan, Peru, Philippines , Thailand and Turkey teachers day is celebrated on different Days Of The Year. 

Importance of Guru
It has been said - 

Gururbrahma Gururvishnuh Gururdevo Maheshwarah l
Guruh Sakshat Param Brahma Tasmai Shri Gurave Namah. 

This means Lord Brahma is Guru Lord Vishnu is Guru Lord Shankar is Guru which means only Guru is the real incarnation of of God and many many respect to him.

Prerakah Suchakashchava Vachako Darshakastatha l
Shikshako Bodhakashchaiva Shadete Guravah Smritah ll

One who inspires us one who informs us one who tells us the truth one who guides us on the right path one who educates us and one who makes us realise things are all like a Guru.

Nivartyatyanyajanah Pramadatah Swayam Cha Nishpapthe Pravartate l
Gunati Tatvam Hitamitchchhuranginam Shivarthinam Yah Sa GuruNirgadyate ll

One who prevents people from vesting date time and Guides people to work on the path which is free from skin and who makes people realise the truth for those who have the feeling of of welfare and Wellness of others search people are guru.

Vidwattvam Dakshata Sheelam Shankantiranushilam l
Shikshaya Gunah Saptasachetstvam Prasannata ll 

This means the qualities of a scholar , skill, discipline, ability to learn , agility, and happiness are the qualities of a teacher.

Agyan Timirandhasya Gyananjan Shalakaya l
Chakahurunmilitam Yen Tasmai Shri Guruve Namah ll

One who removed the darkness of the mind of a person who lacks knowledge such a person is a true Guru who deserves my respect.

Sarvabhilashinah Sarvabhojinah Saparigrahah l
Abrahamacharino Mithyopadesha Guruvo Na Tu ll

Those who have expectations doors music all types of luxury those who believe in accumulation of wealth those who do not believe in celibacy and those who teach baseless things can never be respected as a Guru.
In Indian culture since ancient time the first Guru who is considered to be Lord Shiva and in the proper era Lord Krishna considered to be e the world Guru and the place of Guru has always been kept higher than God who created the world because

Guru Govind Donu Khade Kake Lagun Paye l
 Balihari Guru aapne Govind diyo Bataye ll

Starting from Vedic era till the 11th century in India Lord Brahma Lord Vishnu Lord Mahesh Saptarshi Devarshi brahmarshi etc word titles for Guru and the gotra tradition practiced in in all the four Varna of Indian society was also based on the tradition of Guru so that after the creator of the world that is God one must remember our Saviour who is called Guru.
According to time circumstances and in human culture there came gradual development besides there also happened that Migration of people from one place to another place for various reasons like natural calamities diseases war governance and immediate problems due to which it has been witnessed that the educational system kept changing.
In all parts of the world various aspects and reasons of the social system the proponents of various religious groups were also considered to be a Guru for example American tradition that was born out of Sanatan tradition the first Tirthankar was Rishabh Dev and he was followed by 23 other Tirthankar and Mahatma Budh was the last tirthankara and his contemporary was lord Siddharth Gautam Buddh who was the proponent of Buddhism and the proper rate of Christianity was Jesus Christ after which dare game Islam and its opponent was Prophet Muhammad and in the 15 century Guru Nanak Dev started Sikhism etc.
Since 18 century upto the modern era in India best teacher of Guru design 2 to be changed in with the advent of foreign invaders and India saw a major transformation in the form of social economic and political changes along with which also witnessed a major change in the system of education and from 17 century British introduced their own system of education and the relation between a student it and the teacher got transformed once again. 
The present terminology used at present are Guru, Shikshak, Adhyapak , Aacharya, pracharya

In the system of education those who imported education work called Guru but at present the similar terms used for or an educator is Shikshak Adhyapak Aacharya pracharya but in terms of meaning all these are quite different.

The unpaid group

Guru - Guru is someone who imparts us the highest quality of practical and spiritual knowledge which we cannot get from any Shikshak or Adhyapak because one has to search a Guru to get education and he has also got to prove he is abilities and aptitude to be the disciple of a Guru but the Shikshak and Adhyapak are those who impart education and knowledge and they also charge money E for their services but the knowledge imparted by a Guru is completely free and selfless of course it is also possible that a person can get transformed from Adhyapak to Shikshak to a Guru.

The paid group
We learn from a Shikshak the things which are practically used in our day to day life according to Sanatan culture in which we learn practical knowledge celebration of festivals pursuing culture and tradition our conduct for day today life our behaviour and our safety etc besides knowledge of every aspect of life was included in this system of education therefore it is a fact that the first Shikshak of any person are his parents and the relatives in whose company we start seeing the world. They expect respect from us but they never expect money from us but in today's culture of imparting education teacher is considered as very low grade group of people.

Adhyapak- Adhyapak is somebody who teaches the students of primary level secondary level and Higher Secondary Level for which Adhyapak is also paid and they provide their students with book is knowledge and they are part of such institutes who provide degrees and certificates of education and Adhyapak are paid from these institutes and of them some of Adhyapak also play the role of Shikshak which gives them a higher position. 

Aacharya- However in our Sanatan culture Aacharya is sampatti who basic knowledge that he has earned as a part of his behaviour and it is inseparable from him and then he imparts his knowledge with his students because Aacharya is stage which is higher than a Shikshak but the position of Aacharya is below the position of a Guru. But according to present system of education Aacharya are those educators who to teach in colleges and they are paid for their services. 

Pracharya - Since in Sanatan culture pracharya is a higher position than that of Acharya and pracharya makes sure that the knowledge imparted by him with his students must be practically useful for or Dam but in present system of education pracharya are bows to teach in colleges and University for which they are paid as the senior most educators. 

Changes witnessed in the profession of education from ancient time to modern time
In the vedic era educator was called Guru and this position was killed by only those people who work great scholars who had great dedication for self study who followed the path of truth and whose character had been remarkably great but besides having enormous knowledge they were also self-restraint and their position in the society was equivalent to the position of God and for them their wisdom was their wealth and their life was dedicated in search of truth and they had knowledge of everything and these educator's were running their own Gurukul aur aur Institute of Education and they were themselves responsible for dear on system and at the Gurukul Guru considered his disciples as his own children while his disciples considered him their own father and there was no system of examination like modern time but a competition of knowledge among the students what's the parameter to decide the abilities of the students those days. 
The student who completed the syllabus of 12 years which means those who studied well at least one Veda search students were titled Karnatak and those were pursued 24 years of syllabus and learnt at least 2 Vedas were called Vasu and those who pursued 36 years of syllabus and learnt at least 36 years Vedas were called Rudra add those who refused the syllabus of 48 years and learnt all the four Vedas were called Aditya and those who learnt Ayurved yoga and science of health titled ashwinikumar or Vaidya. Similarly there have been a total of 33 categories of of teachers described in our scriptures which includes 8 Vasus, 11 Rudra, 12 Aditya, 2 Ashwin. And these are in modern time worshiped as god.

In course of time from 12 century their claim major changes in Indian system of education and Buddhist and Jain education also become a part of Indian system of education and these two were non-believers but there did not happen a change interrelation between a disciple and eguru and their relation continued to be restrained however Vedic education was imparted in Sanskrit but Buddhist and Jain education were imported in bracket and Pali languages apart from this change the position of Guru remained like a God in the society.

Mediaeval era
In India mediaeval Era came with defeat of of king Prithviraj Chauhan at the hands of Muhammad Ghori in 1192 after which Muslim Era begin in India and it continued until 1707 when Aurangzeb died and the roots of British East India company e designed to be deeper and started to to get expanded and between 1202 to 1700 the Muslim education tried to destroy the Indian system of education which included Vedic education budheshwar education and Jain education and Muslims Incorporated Arabic and Persian languages for education and those who knew these languages only De can be appointed as a teacher and they were also given a very high salary and they had a very respectable position in the society and the lead a very comfortable and luxurious life and the students of these languages also had very comfortable life at their Institute of Education. At Islamic Institute of Education Quran where's the main book that was taught and that too in Arabic language for which it was mandatory to be a follower of Islam and they also received use fund from their rulers and Muslim teachers and Muslim rulers did not leave any stone unturned to destroy India's ancient system of education even then there had been many e Scholars who preserved the ancient system of education which included Vedic education Buddhist education and Jain education. 

In the Muslim system of education primary schools were called maqtab and the centre of Higher Education was called Madrasa apart from this there were also khanqah and Dargah which were also the schools of Quran and Arabic and Persian languages there there was no system of examination but the Teacher's damn selves declared as student qualified according to their own understanding. According to the level of education following attitudes were declared-

Amil were those who had special qualification of Islam. 

* Those who had special education in Arabic and Persian literature were called kaabil

* Those who had special abilities in logic and philosophy were called Fazil 

A Person was considered to be suitable for any government post in higher position if he had the qualities of a kaabil therefore in Persian schools Hindus were also given admission but in other schools only Muslims were allowed for education.

The Charter act of 1833 and present time

Our present education system was evolved with the Charter act of British East India company of 1833. The Charter act of 1833 and the proposals of Lord Macaulay of 1835 with the consent of governor general Lord William Bentinck the British system of education was implemented in India ad English was adopted as the medium of education in India. 

Actually ancient Indian languages of education like Sanskrit  and Prakrit and Pali had lost their significance due to the advent of Arabic and Persian languages during Islamic mediaeval era and after the implementation of British system of education with English as the medium of education even Persian and Arabic languages lost their significance while Sanskrit prakrit and Pali languages completely got vanished from Indian system of education. 

The teachers of British system of education are fully dependent upon their salary is and they are under the control of their management it and they are not as capable as the Guru of Vedic Era were and today's educators have been categorised as teacher lecturer and professor.

Ancient glory of Guru and revival of their position

It is unfortunate that due to various reasons the festival of paying respect to Tu Guru who was called Guru Purnima has now got converted into Teachers Day and international Teachers Day and today education has become a means for earning livelihood and today's teacher has got transformed into a salary based worker who who give his services in education institute and educational system has become completely mechanized.

However a hope has appeared with respected Swami Ji Maharaj and respected Aacharya Balkrishna Ji Maharaj who have placed to revive the ancient system of Indian education that was based on Gurukul system there the glory of teacher was highest and with their great sports institutes like ok Vedic Gurukulam Aacharya Gurukulam and Patanjali University was set up for this purpose behind which was there strong resolution and now since 2018 we have Bhartiya Shiksha Board or Indian Board of Education of which the main purpose has been to promote India's traditional knowledge along with promotion of modern system of education and as standard NEP 2020 curriculum based on 5 + 3 + 3 + 4 system has been prepared and accordingly examinations are to be organised and various forms of school education are to be developed and they are to be recognised as well and the students passed out from such institutes will also get a standard certificate. Jagadguru Bhagwan Shri Krishna in Shrimad Bhagwat Geeta has said 

Yada Yada Hi Dharmsya Glanirbhvati Bharat l
 Abhyutthanam  Adharmsya Tadatmanam Srjamyaham ll

This means whenever the system will be on downslide then a divine soul will appear on this planet which makes it quite clear that India's ancient Science and Technology and knowledge and the system of education has been on decline from 1200 still 1947 due to to the governments which were against India's original religion and due to this they had reached a conspiracy and committed atrocities to suppress Indian culture and tradition but after the Independence in the modern democratic system the British policy of ignoring Indian culture and tradition continued and to mend all this respected Swami Ji Maharaj and respected Acharya ji launched a Mahayagya with the blessings of Almighty so that the degradation appeared in the system of Indian education could be mended quite well.

Most respected Gurus of present era respected Swami Ji Maharaj and respected Aacharya Balkrishna Ji Maharaj have a put their enormous efforts and their guidance Patanjali group has launched Mahayagya for revival of of ancient Indian culture and sent Indian knowledge and The Legacy of Indian Science and Technology of ancient time so that India could again become Vishwa Guru in the world and we are expecting complete contribution and dedication of those who are associated with Patanjali institute so that our mission could succeed which is our enormous trust and faith.

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